专利摘要:
The invention relates to a pressure sensor for detecting a combustion chamber pressure in internal combustion engines, in particular diesel and gas engines, which has a sensor housing (1) with a thread (5) arranged on the outside for fastening in a corresponding recess and a front section which, when detecting the combustion chamber pressure, is connected to a combustion chamber is in fluid communication and comprises a pressure-responsive measuring element (3) which is surrounded on the circumference by the sensor housing and is arranged within the front section of the sensor housing, the measuring element (3) having at least one pressure measuring element (9) on its upper side facing towards the interior of the sensor housing having. The invention is characterized in that an underside of the measuring element opposite the upper side is arranged at a distance from a front end of the pressure transducer, as seen in the longitudinal direction of the pressure transducer, the distance from the front end to the underside of the measuring element being no more than 150%, preferably no more than 130%, preferably no more than 120%, of the nominal diameter of the thread for attaching the sensor housing.
公开号:CH717633A2
申请号:CH00728/21
申请日:2021-06-23
公开日:2022-01-14
发明作者:Neumann Stefan
申请人:IMES Intelligent Measuring Systems GmbH;
IPC主号:
专利说明:

The present invention relates to a pressure sensor for detecting a combustion chamber pressure in internal combustion engines.
Such pressure transducers or pressure transmitters have been used for some time to detect the pressure in the combustion chambers of internal combustion engines, preferably for measuring the working pressures in the cylinder head of internal combustion engines, e.g. for 2- or 4-stroke marine diesel engines and the like. Pressures in the range of up to 800 bar at average combustion chamber temperatures in the range of around 2000 to 3000 degrees Celsius must be mastered, which can also be higher at certain points in the combustion chamber.
The solutions established on the market can be divided technologically into two main groups. On the one hand, pressure sensors that work piezoelectrically, known from DE 10 2014 116 760, for example, and on the other hand, pressure sensors that determine the pressure with the help of strain gauges, known, for example, from DE 10 2016 124 410.
The most common type of installation for both types is a shoulder seal, which receives the axial preload via a thread for attachment during assembly. Preferred threads here are metric fine threads, in particular M8x0.75; M8x1; M10x1 and M14x1.25.
[0005] The strain gauge-based pressure transmitters and sensors will be discussed further below. Two designs have become established here, on the one hand so-called front-flush designs, known for example from DE 10 2018 113 935 or DE 10 2009 030 702, and designs with a gas channel, known for example from DE 10 2015 001 213, in which the pressure determination is not directly on the front end of the pressure sensor, but the pressure is conducted via the gas channel into the interior of the pressure sensor and only there does a determination take place.
The front-flush designs have an installation-optimized design that minimizes the dead volume of a gas duct through an almost front-flush installation to the combustion chamber wall, which gives it its name. As a result, acoustic resonances, so-called whistling vibrations, which can impair the measurement result, can be largely avoided.
[0007] A disadvantage of this design, however, is the complex mechanism to be manufactured, the front-side membrane, which is subject to high thermal loads, and the low overpressure resistance.
[0008] Versions with a gas duct, on the other hand, have an axial gas flow through a duct which extends from the front side of the pressure sensor into the interior and runs towards a membrane pressure measuring cell which is arranged away from the combustion chamber. This diaphragm pressure measuring cell is available on the market in large quantities as a part that can be produced inexpensively, especially in thin-film technology with strain gauges as the pressure measuring element.
A major reason for positioning the membrane pressure measuring cell above the thread and the seal (i.e. it is arranged at a location which, during a pressure measurement, is further away from an end of the pressure sensor exposed to the measured pressure than the thread or the seal) is practical no longer measurable influence of the screwing torque on the measurement result.
Another disadvantage is that -although this design has proven itself in numerous applications- in some applications there is a risk of acoustic resonance (whistling) within the axial gas flow, which can lead to an undesirable impairment of the measurement result. In addition, when the internal combustion engine is operated in the partial-load range, the gas duct can become contaminated due to incomplete combustion, so that the gas duct can be blocked under certain circumstances and the measurement result of the pressure measurement may be impaired as a result.
[0011] DE 10 2016 124 410 shows the manufacturing process for a flush-mounted sensor (also: pressure transducer) using additive manufacturing processes. The sensor element is built up in layers and therefore enables complex structures. Due to the process, the disadvantage is the inhomogeneous structure of the material and the poor dimensional accuracy of additive manufacturing processes.
[0012] Furthermore, DE 10 2018 113 935 shows a flush diaphragm pressure sensor consisting of a diaphragm disk, a measuring spring and a mounting sleeve. These are placed in a sensor housing with a seat for a sealing ring. A shoulder-sealing, front-flush pressure sensor is hereby realized. The disadvantage, however, is the complex mechanics that have to be manufactured precisely in comparison to set-back pressure sensors.
It is the object of the present invention to overcome or mitigate the various deficiencies of conventional pressure transducers outlined above.
[0014] This object is achieved by a pressure sensor according to the invention, which has all the features of claim 1. Advantageous configurations of the pressure sensor are listed in the dependent claims.
According to the invention, it is provided that the pressure sensor for detecting a combustion chamber pressure in internal combustion engines, in particular diesel and gas engines, has a pressure sensor housing with a thread arranged on the outside for fastening in a corresponding recess and a front section which, when detecting the combustion chamber pressure, has a combustion chamber in is fluidly connected, and comprises a pressure-responsive measuring element, which is peripherally surrounded by the pressure sensor housing and is arranged within the front section of the pressure sensor housing, the measuring element having at least one pressure measuring element on its upper side facing towards the interior of the pressure sensor housing. The pressure sensor is characterized in that an underside of the measuring element opposite the upper side is arranged at a distance from a front end of the pressure sensor, as seen in the longitudinal direction of the pressure sensor, the distance from the front end to the underside of the measuring element being no more than 150%, preferably no more than 130%, preferably not more than 120% of the nominal diameter of the thread for fastening the pressure transducer housing.
By limiting the distance, acoustic resonances (whistling) are suppressed, while at the same time the measuring element is protected from excessive thermal stress by the set-back arrangement of the measuring element, but at the same time sufficient heat is allowed to burn off combustion residues.
According to the invention, the imperfections of the two known designs of cylinder pressure sensors or pressure transducers, set-back sensors and front-flush sensors, are overcome.
This is achieved by at least length-optimized gas routing between the front side of the pressure sensor facing the combustion chamber and the underside of the measuring element, which minimizes the dead volume and provides an optimized ratio of the length of the gas channel to a width of the pressure sensor determined by the thread diameter.
According to a further development of the invention it can be provided that the distance from the front end to the underside of the measuring element is in the range of 20-80%, preferably in the range of 30-50% and preferably in the range of 37-43% of the nominal diameter of the thread for fastening the pressure sensor housing.
The distance from the front end to the measuring element, which is 40% of the nominal diameter of the thread for attaching the pressure transducer housing, provides very convincing results in suppressing the whistle vibrations. In this advantageous embodiment, the ratio of the diameter of the thread for attachment to the axial distance between the measuring element and the underside of the pressure sensor is 1:0.4. This results in an optimal aspect ratio, which optimizes both the thermal load and the reduction of the whistle vibration.
According to an optional modification of the invention, it can be provided that the pressure transducer housing has an attachment that forms a gas channel from the front end to the side of the measuring element facing the front end. This simplifies the manufacture of the housing, since an open side of the pressure sensor housing can be closed off with an attachment.
[0022] In this case, a diffuser can be arranged within the gas channel in order to uniformly transfer the thermal load occurring during a combustion process to the measuring element. This diffuser helps to counteract excessive thermal stress, which can be concentrated on only a small part of the measuring element due to the installation situation of the pressure sensor.
[0023] In addition, the diffuser ensures that a combustion cloud hits the measuring element evenly, so that uneven wear is counteracted.
It can further be provided according to an advantageous variant of the invention that the attachment and diffuser are formed in one piece. This further reduces the total number of components required, which is also advantageous in terms of production costs. This functional integration reduces the number of components required and the number of connection points, which, in addition to the cost reduction already mentioned, also reduces potential sources of error.
According to the invention it can be provided that the thread for fastening the pressure transducer housing is a thread of the type M8x0.75, M8x1, M10x1 or M 14x1.25.
[0026] As an example, using a thread of the type M8x0.75, which has a nominal diameter of 8mm, it can be easily understood that the maximum distance of the measuring element from the front of the pressure sensor is no more than 9.6mm (=1.2 x 8mm) may be removed so that the advantages of the present invention are still sufficiently effective.
According to a further development of the invention it can be provided that the pressure sensor housing comprises a cylinder surface, on the outer circumference of which the thread for fastening the pressure sensor housing is arranged and in whose front cover surface the attachment is inserted.
The attachment can thus represent a kind of cover that covers the cylindrical surface at its open end. In this case, the attachment can be connected to the cylinder jacket surface of the pressure sensor in different ways, for example by gluing, soldering, welding or a threaded connection.
It can further be provided according to the invention that the measuring element is attached to the attachment, preferably on a side facing away from the front end of the attachment.
The attachment, in conjunction with the measuring element arranged thereon, seals the interior of the pressure sensor housing, so that the measuring element is exposed to a pressure difference. The side of the measuring element facing the front end is exposed to a measuring pressure, whereas the side of the measuring element facing away from it is exposed to the normal pressure prevailing in the interior of the pressure sensor housing.
Preferably, it can be provided that the attachment part has a gas channel which fluidly connects its two flat sides to one another and which is preferably arranged centrally in the longitudinal direction of the attachment part. The two flat sides of the attachment can have a circular outer contour that is in contact with the inside of a cylindrical surface (possibly via a thread or the like).
In addition, it can be provided that a first flat side is flat and faces away from the pressure sensor housing and a second flat side is stepped towards a center, so that the stepped offset extends away from the front end into the pressure sensor housing.
The attachment can be rotationally symmetrical or rotationally symmetrical, with the axis of rotation preferably running parallel to the longitudinal axis of the pressure sensor.
In addition, it can be provided according to the invention that the measuring element has the shape of a blind hole and in its blind hole recess receives a step-like protruding into the interior of the pressure transducer housing part of the attachment part.
According to an optional modification of the invention, it can be provided that the pressure transducer housing has a circumferential projection in its transition away from the front section, which is designed to strike against a stop edge or a sealing element.
It can preferably be provided that the at least one pressure measuring element (9) arranged on the top side of the measuring element (3) is designed as a strain gauge element or as a strain gauge. The expansion measuring element is designed to detect a deformation of the measuring element caused by pressure and to convert it into a pressure value.
It can be advantageous if several strain gauges or strain gauges are connected to form a full Wheatstone bridge. A particularly precise determination of the force is obtained if in the Wheatstone full bridge per half bridge one strain gauge is subjected to compression and one to elongation, which means that maximum sensitivity to the effects of force can be achieved.
Preferably, the pressure sensor according to the invention also includes a temperature-dependent resistor on the outside of the measuring element to compensate for a temperature influence during the measurement. The temperature-dependent resistance is then used to compensate for the temperature-induced expansion or compression of the measuring element, since this can also be recorded and used to determine an acting force. It is necessary to compensate for this effect, for which purpose the temperature-dependent resistance is used.
According to the invention, it can also be provided that the pressure sensor housing, the attachment and/or the measuring element is/are made of a metal, preferably a high-strength metal, preferably made of martensitic steel 1.4542 or 1.4548 or the nickel-based alloy Inconel 718, the chemical Composition of 50.0 -5 5.0% Ni, 17.0 - 21.0% Cr, 4.75 - 5.50% TA+Nb, 2.80 - 3.30% Mo, 0.65 - 1 .15% Ti, 0.20 - 0.80% Al, ≤ 0.3% Cu, ≤ 0.08% C, ≤ 0.35% Si and ≤ 1.0% Co.
It can preferably be provided that the thermal expansion coefficient of the pressure transducer housing, attachment and measuring element is identical or deviates from the nominally largest coefficient by less than 5%. This ensures that undesired, asymmetrical or inhomogeneous deformations caused by the thermal expansion of the material are avoided.
According to a further development of the invention, it can be provided that the measuring element is arranged at the level of the thread running on the outside of the pressure sensor housing.
[0042] Further advantages, features and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description of the figures. 1 shows a sectional view of the relevant part of the pressure sensor according to the invention, FIG. 2 shows a further sectional view of the structure known from FIG. 1 together with a seal and information on the diameter of the thread and the distance of the measuring element from a front end , Fig. 3: a possible installation of the pressure sensor in a mounting hole of a cylinder head, and Fig. 4: a structure of the pressure sensor with a structure and connection technology for the electrical connection of several pressure measuring elements and a temperature measuring element, and Fig. 5 the electrical wiring and type of mechanical load the pressure measuring elements (9) of a particularly advantageous full bridge circuit.
1 shows a sectional view of the pressure sensor according to the invention. This has a pressure transducer housing 1, which has an attachment 14 at its front end 12, which is introduced into the combustion chamber of a cylinder during a measurement. The pressure sensor housing 1 has a circumferential thread 5 on its outside, which is used to fasten the pressure sensor in a mounting hole with an associated mating thread. Above, that is to say on the side of the thread 5 facing away from the front end 12, a projection is provided which can be used to seal off the combustion chamber. Typically, this peripheral projection lies against a stop section of the assembly bore, so that only the area of the pressure sensor housing 1 extending below the projection in the direction of the front end 12 is exposed to the pressure in the combustion chamber.
The interior of the pressure transducer housing 1 is sealed off via the attachment 14 and a measuring element 3 arranged thereon. The pressure transducer housing 1 can have a sleeve-like section which essentially corresponds to the shape of a cylinder jacket surface. Attachment 14 is placed on its front end, which, in cooperation with measuring element 3, seals the interior of the pressure sensor housing. The surface of the attachment part 14 facing away from the pressure sensor housing 1 represents the front end 12 of the pressure sensor and is formed flat. The side of the attachment 14 facing away therefrom has a plurality of step-like elevations which rise towards a center of the attachment 14 . Since the basic structure of the attachment 14 can be a circular disk whose outer circumference is connected to the inside of the sleeve-like cylindrical jacket surface of the pressure sensor housing, the stepped elevations represent circular-segment-like elements that rise towards the center of the circular disk.
A gas channel 2 runs through the attachment 14 and connects the two flat sides to one another. A recess is provided in the middle of the front side 12 , which establishes a fluidic connection to the side of the attachment part 14 facing the interior of the pressure transducer housing 1 .
The measuring element accommodates one or more of the step-like elevations on the side of the attachment 14 facing the inside in the manner of a blind hole. The measuring element 3 is attached to the attachment part 14 in a sealing manner and encloses the inside outlet of the gas channel. If a particularly high pressure arises as a result of a combustion process, the gas channel 2 causes this pressure to be passed on to one side of the measuring element 3, whereas the side of the measuring element 3 facing the interior of the pressure sensor housing 1 is not exposed to this high pressure. This pressure difference leads to a variation of the measuring element 3, which allows a pressure determination by means of pressure measuring elements 9 or a temperature measuring element 15 provided on the side facing away from the front end 12.
The reference number 16 shows an axis of rotation 16 which runs parallel to the longitudinal direction of the pressure sensor. In particular, the attachment and also the measuring element 3 fastened to it are rotationally symmetrical to this axis 16 .
Furthermore, the attachment 14 can not only have a simple gas channel 2, but also contain a diffuser 4, which ensures that the flow guided through the gas channel 2 hits the measuring element 3 evenly. The diffuser 4 distributes the thermal load in the combustion phase evenly over the mechanics of the measuring element 3, so that there is no uneven heating of the measuring element 3, which could cause an incorrect measurement of the pressure.
The diffuser can be realized, for example, by providing several channels arranged in a star shape with a reduced diameter or other elements in the gas channel that contribute to an even distribution or cause a deflection of the flow in the gas channel. However, the specific design of the diffuser is always related to the actual arrangement and installation position of the pressure sensor in the cylinder head, since this also influences the flow characteristics.
What is essential for the advantages of the invention is the distance between the underside 13 of the measuring element 3 and the front end 12, ie the front end of the pressure sensor, which must not be too far away from it.
Fig. 2 shows essentially an identical representation as FIG. 1, but now also denotes the nominal diameter 10 of the thread 5 and the distance 11 of the underside 13 of the measuring element 3. According to the invention it is provided that the ratio of Nominal diameter 10 of the thread 5 to the distance 11 of the underside 13 of the measuring element 3 is at least 1:1.5, preferably at least 1:1.3 and preferably at least 1:1.2.
The underside 13 of the measuring element 3 is that side of the measuring element 3 on the opposite side of which pressure measuring elements 9 or strain gauges are arranged. It is therefore the side that is exposed to high pressure and on the rear side of which the change caused is recorded and converted into a pressure value.
2 also shows a sealing ring that does not belong to the pressure sensor and against which the projection 6 strikes.
shows an installation of the pressure sensor in a mounting hole 19 of a cylinder head 18. The mounting hole 19 has two different diameters in order to produce a stop edge for the projection 6 of the pressure sensor housing 1. A seal 7 is arranged between the stop edge and the projection 6 and serves to seal the front section of the pressure sensor housing that is in fluid communication with the combustion chamber 8 of the cylinder.
It can be seen that the measuring element 3 is not arranged at the foremost front of the pressure sensor housing 1 but is protected by the attachment part 14 . Nevertheless, it is possible to measure the pressure in the combustion chamber 8 since the attachment 14 creates a connection via its gas channel 2 to the measuring element 3 or the underside 13 of the measuring element 3 responsible for the measurement.
FIG. 4 shows a further sectional view of the pressure sensor, in which—in addition to the components already introduced—further components are shown on the side of the measuring element 3 facing towards the interior.
One can see a structure and connection technology 17 for the electrical connection of the pressure measuring elements 9 and an optionally provided temperature measuring element 15.
The strain gauges 9 to be provided with the pressure sensor can be applied to the measuring element 3 by means of thin-film technology. Furthermore, a temperature-dependent resistor can also be provided on the upper side of the measuring element 3, which calculates or compensates for the expansion and contraction of the measuring element 3, which only occurs due to a temperature fluctuation and has nothing to do with a pressure variation.
5 shows a circuit diagram of a Wheatstone bridge, each having four strain gauges 9 . The strain gauges 9 are arranged on the upper side of the measuring element 3 . A strain gauge 9 is a resistance that is dependent on an elongation or compression of the measuring element 3, so that with a corresponding bridge connection, as shown in FIG. or compression state of the top of the measuring element 3 allows. In this way, one strain gauge per half bridge can be subjected to compression and one to strain, which can be seen from FIG. This enables improved sensitivity to a force acting on the measuring element. In addition, the strain gauges 9 with the same type of load are arranged diagonally opposite one another in the two half-bridges. This results in a maximum sensitivity to the application of force of where k is the amplification coefficient of the strain gauges 9 .
Reference list:
1 Pressure sensor housing 2 Gas-carrying duct 3 Measuring element 4 Diffuser 5 Thread 6 Seat for a seal acting in the axial direction 7 Seal 8 Combustion chamber 9 Pressure measuring element(s) 10 Diameter of the thread 11 Axial distance of the measuring element from the underside of the pressure sensor 12 Underside of the pressure sensor 13 Pressurized underside of the measuring element 14 attachment 15 temperature measuring element 16 axis of rotation 17 construction and connection technology 18 cylinder head 19 mounting hole
权利要求:
Claims (15)
[1]
1. Pressure sensor for detecting a combustion chamber pressure in internal combustion engines, in particular diesel and gas engines, comprising:a pressure transducer housing (1) with an externally arranged thread (5) for fastening in a corresponding recess (19) and a front section which is in fluid communication with a combustion chamber when the combustion chamber pressure is detected,a pressure-responsive sensing element (3) circumferentially surrounded by the pressure transducer housing (1) and disposed within the front portion of the pressure transducer housing (1), whereinthe measuring element (3) has at least one pressure measuring element (9) on its upper side facing the interior of the pressure sensor housing (1),characterized in thatan underside (13) of the measuring element (3) opposite the upper side, viewed in the longitudinal direction of the pressure sensor, is arranged at a distance (11) from a front end (12) of the pressure sensor, the distance (11) from the front end (12) to the underside ( 13) of the measuring element (3) is no more than 150%, preferably no more than 130%, preferably no more than 120% of the nominal diameter (10) of the thread (5) for fastening the pressure transducer housing (1).
[2]
2. Pressure sensor according to claim 1, wherein the distance (11) from the front end (12) to the underside (13) of the measuring element (3) is in the range of 20-80%, preferably in the range of 30-50% and more preferably in the range of 37-43% of the nominal diameter of the thread (5) for fastening the pressure transducer housing (1).
[3]
3. Pressure sensor according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the pressure sensor housing (1) has an attachment (14) which forms a gas channel (2) from the front end (12) to the side of the measuring element (3) facing the front end (12).
[4]
4. Pressure sensor according to the preceding claim 3, wherein a diffuser (4) is arranged within the gas channel (2) in order to uniformly transfer the thermal load occurring during a combustion process to the measuring element (3).
[5]
5. Pressure sensor according to the preceding claim 4, wherein attachment part (14) and diffuser (4) are integrally formed.
[6]
6. Pressure sensor according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the thread (5) for fastening the pressure sensor housing (1) is a thread (5) of the type M8x0.75, M8x1, M10x1 or M14x1.25.
[7]
7. Pressure sensor according to one of the preceding claims 3 to 6, wherein the pressure sensor housing (1) comprises a cylindrical surface, on the outer circumference of which the thread (5) for fastening the pressure sensor housing (1) is arranged and in whose front cover surface the attachment (14) is inserted is.
[8]
8. Pressure sensor according to one of the preceding claims 3 to 7, wherein the measuring element (3) is attached to the attachment part (14), preferably on a front end (12) facing away from the attachment part (14).
[9]
9. Pressure sensor according to the preceding claim 8, wherein the attachment part (14) has a gas channel (2) fluidically connecting its two flat sides to one another, which is preferably arranged centrally in the longitudinal direction of the attachment part (14).
[10]
10. Pressure sensor according to one of the preceding claims 8 or 9, wherein a first flat side is flat and faces away from the pressure sensor housing (1) and a second flat side is stepped towards a center, so that the stepped offset is from the front end (12) extends away into the pressure transducer housing (1).
[11]
11. Pressure sensor according to one of the preceding claims 3 to 10, wherein the attachment (14) is rotationally symmetrical or rotationally symmetrical, the axis of rotation (16) preferably running parallel to the longitudinal axis of the pressure sensor.
[12]
12. Pressure sensor according to one of the preceding claims 3 to 11, wherein the measuring element (3) is in the form of a blind hole and in its blind hole recess accommodates a component of the attachment part (14) which protrudes in a stepped manner into the interior of the pressure sensor housing (1), preferably wherein the Attachment (14) facing blind hole bottom is the underside (13) of the measuring element (3).
[13]
13. Pressure sensor according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the pressure sensor housing (1) has a peripheral projection (6) in its transition away from the front section, which is designed to strike against a stop edge or a sealing element (7).
[14]
14. Pressure sensor according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one on the top of the measuring element (3) arranged pressure measuring element (9) is designed as a strain gauge element or as a strain gauge.
[15]
15. Pressure sensor according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the pressure sensor housing (1), the attachment (14) and/or the measuring element (3) is made of a metal, preferably a high-strength metal, preferably made of martensitic steel 1.4542 or 1.4548 or the nickel-based alloy Inconel 718, whose chemical composition consists of 50.0 -5 5.0% Ni, 17.0 - 21.0% Cr, 4.75 - 5.50% TA+Nb, 2.80 - 3.30% Mo, 0.65 - 1.15% Ti, 0.20 - 0.80% Al, ≤ 0.3% Cu, ≤ 0.08% C, ≤ 0.35% Si and ≤ 1.0% Co.
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同族专利:
公开号 | 公开日
DE102020117587A1|2022-01-05|
引用文献:
公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题

DE102009030702A1|2009-06-26|2010-12-30|Trafag Ag|Pressure sensor measuring element as well as pressure sensor provided therewith|
AT515200B1|2014-01-20|2015-07-15|Piezocryst Advanced Sensorics|Pressure sensor with heat conducting element|
DE102015001213B4|2015-01-30|2017-11-02|Imes Gmbh|Diaphragm pressure sensor with a heat distribution body|
DE102016124410A1|2016-12-14|2018-06-14|Trafag Ag|Method for producing a pressure sensor element as well as pressure sensor measuring element available therewith|
DE102018113935A1|2018-06-12|2019-12-12|IMES Intelligent Measuring Systems GmbH|Diaphragm pressure sensor with measuring spring support tube and pressure sensor coated on it|
法律状态:
优先权:
申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
DE102020117587.6A|DE102020117587A1|2020-07-03|2020-07-03|Pressure transducer|
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